Patent Ductus Arteriosus(PDA) is an Acyanotic congenital heart disease, with shunting of blood from left side of heart to the right side. In foetus the blood circulation is different from that of the adults, where the blood being pumped from the right side of heart reaches the lungs and it gets oxygenated. In foetus, this…
The normal electrical conduction in the heart allows the impulse that is generated by the sinoatrial node(SA node), situated in the walls of right atrium of the heart to be propagated to and stimulate the muscle of the atria and ventricles(myocardium). The myocardium contracts after stimulation. It is the ordered stimulation of the myocardium that…
Mitral Regurgitation also known as mitral insufficiency or mitral incompetence is a disorder affecting the mitral valve of the heart. The cusps or flaps of the mitral valve do not seal tightly in this condition and causes a backflow of blood through the mitral valve from the left ventricle to the let atrium of the…
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is a complex and common form of Heart disease that may be seen in 1 out of 500. It is a caused by the thickening of the Myocardium(Heart Muscle) which may have no obvious reasons. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy is found to be the major cause of sudden death in people under the age of…
The mitral valve is a two flapped valve which connects the two left chambers of the heart, the left atrium and the left ventricle and in it’s normal operation prevents the backflow of blood from the ventricle into the atrium. In the typical cardiac cycle during left ventricular diastole i.e. when the left ventricle is…
An Echocardiogram or also known as Ultra Sound is a non invasive, painless and risk free test to evaluate the valves and chambers of the heart. Sound waves are used to create a moving picture of the heart. There is no radiation involved in this procedure. A transducer that transmits high frequency sound wave is…
Cardiac Catheterization is a medical procedure where in a long, thin, flexible tube(Catheter) is inserted into a blood vessel in the arm, neck or upper thigh and threaded into the heart. Prior to this, a local anaesthesia is given to numb that particular area where a small puncture is made for the entry of a…
Human heart is composed of four chambers(two atria and two ventricles) which are separated by walls between them. The presence of a defect in the wall dividing the two ventricles results in the ventricular septal defect. Although VSD is the most common congenital heart disease accounting for the 20 – 25%, it can also be…
Veins are blood vessels in our body which conduct blood from peripheral tissues in the body to heart. These vessels, unlike the arteries, lack a muscular wall and depend on the surrounding muscles to pump blood to heart in an antigravity direction. When there is immobilisation for a long duration, there can be stasis of…
Aorta is the great blood vessel, the largest in the body, which receives blood from the heart to circulate to different parts of the body. Aorta can be involved in many disease conditions – the important ones are: Aortic Aneurysm Aortic Dissection Aortitis Aortic Aneurysm Aortic aneurysm involves the abnormal dilatation of the aortic wall.…